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腹部不適 確診淋巴癌
 

腹部不適 確診淋巴癌

「淋巴癌」(Lymphoma)屬本港常見癌症,排名第9,病理分類有過百種;低毒性淋巴腫瘤緩慢生長,而高毒性的則迅速增長。過半淋巴癌源自「淋巴結」組織;淋巴結遍布全身,除了頸部、腋下及股溝位置外,胸腔及腹腔內皆有大量淋巴結,不少位處大血管附近。

60歲的陳先生腹部不適多月,情況日趨嚴重。「正電子電腦掃描」顯示腹部有十多處淋巴結腫大,最大的有12厘米直徑;淋巴腫瘤壓住右邊「輸尿管」,令右腎脹大。淋巴結活組織檢查確診低毒性「濾泡性B細胞淋巴癌」,骨髓亦見癌細胞,屬淋巴癌4期。陳先生接受針對B細胞的「阿托珠單抗」,加「苯達莫司汀」化療,效果良好。

50歲的張太近日腹部脹痛,飲食亦有困難,間中發低燒,雙腳水腫。正電子電腦掃描顯示腹部多處淋巴結腫大,最大的有6厘米直徑;「脾臟」亦脹大一倍,並且有腹水。淋巴結活組織檢查確診「瀰漫大B細胞淋巴癌」,基因測試顯示c-myc有不良變化,屬極高毒性的淋巴腫瘤。醫生處方EPOCH-R化療方案,包括針對B細胞「利妥昔單抗」,加4種化療藥物︰「阿黴素」、「長春新鹼」、「依托泊苷」及「環磷酰胺」,初步療效理想,但擔心病情反覆。中央神經系統容易受影響,需要小心癌細胞上腦。

55歲的李先生右上腹脹痛,並且有眼黃現象;驗血顯示肝功能異常,膽紅素大幅上升。超聲波掃描及正電子電腦掃描顯示腹部多處淋巴結腫大,部分壓住膽管。淋巴結活組織檢查確診「瀰漫大B細胞淋巴癌」,醫生處方針對B細胞「利妥昔單抗」加化療,初步療效顯著,「黃疸」(Jaundice)逐漸消退。

 

撰文: 梁憲孫 血液及血液腫瘤科醫生

梁憲孫醫生 DR. LIANG HIN SUEN, RAYMOND

資料來源:晴報 15-12-2022

選文來自:香港E大夫/醫大夫

 

 

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