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常見拇趾外翻
 

常見拇趾外翻

拇趾外翻即腳趾公向外翻側變形,乃都市人十分常見的「畸形病患」。正常拇趾向外傾斜應少於十五度,此症患者的拇趾外翻角度則超過這度數。因第一蹠骨的頂部凸出而受到擠壓,導致厚繭形成及滑囊發炎,不但造成腳趾永久變形,患者更會感到十分疼痛。

成因與先天腳形和後天對鞋類的選擇均有關係,童年或青少年時期病發的拇趾外翻,一般與家族病史有關,女性較男性病發率高十倍。除了遺傳外,經常穿著鞋頭狹窄、尖頭及高跟等鞋款,都是此症誘因。其他足踝或足部病患如扁平足、足跟肌腱異常收縮,以及後足足腱過緊等病症,也易引發拇趾外翻。

佩戴輔助矯正器

輕微的拇趾外翻可透過脊科或物理治療處理,例如電療可鎮痛、舒緩發炎及強化足部肌肉。進行訓練腳趾抓力的毛巾操和腳趾開合運動,也可增強足部肌力。另應選穿寬頭和鞋跟別逾一吋的鞋履。需要時可訂製合適的鞋墊、分趾膠、矯正器等用具,減輕足部所受壓力。睡前輕輕向前拉拔拇趾,輕力按摩患處,有助減少痠痛及預防變形,每天進行二十下,每次約按摩五秒。如疼痛嚴重或持久劇痛而影響走路、站立,或需要接受外科手術。

如工作或場合需要必須穿高跟鞋,回家後應常用熱水泡足,緩減軟組織痙攣。在辦公室準備一雙舒適的平底鞋代替高跟鞋,亦可減輕足部疲勞。

 

作者:脊醫及物理治療師何應輝

何應輝脊醫 DR. HO YING FAI, CHRIS

資料來源: 星島日報

選文來自: 香港 E大夫 / 醫大夫

 

 

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