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血尿勿忽視 或是膀胱癌警號
 

血尿勿忽視 或是膀胱癌警號

以為尿液顏色正常便沒事?其實血尿可分為明顯血尿和隱性血尿兩大類,前者憑肉眼可見,後者則難以目測,需經化驗才得知尿液中有紅血球,但成因同樣都可能源自泌尿系統部分發炎、結石、甚至腫瘤。血尿是膀胱癌的最早期、甚至唯一的症狀,因此絕不能掉以輕心。

一旦確診膀胱癌,患者通常會接受「經尿道膀胱切除手術」,經尿道將內窺鏡放入膀胱,然後以電刀切除腫瘤,並腫瘤底部再切深一點至膀胱肌肉層以抽取組織,檢查是否仍有癌細胞。

若膀胱肌肉層沒有腫瘤細胞,患者便可算是痊癒,但部分患者仍需接受一些術後治療,例如以化療藥灌注卡介苗至膀胱,減低復發機會。萬一發現膀胱肌肉層有腫瘤細胞,即屬第二期膀胱癌,患者需再接受「全膀胱切除術」,日後需使用尿道造口或以小腸製造「人造膀胱」。一般年輕患者因不想每天帶著尿袋生活,多數會選擇「人造膀胱」,則將部分小腸重整成一個球體,再把它接駁至輸尿管及尿道,成為新的膀胱,手術後需長期跟進確保功能正常,如有需要,請向醫生查詢。

 

王明晧醫生 DR. WONG MING HO EDMOND

資料提供:香港港安醫院-荃灣泌尿外科專科醫生王明晧

資料來源:晴報 杏林熱話 (23-11-2017)

選文來自:香港E大夫 / 醫大夫

 

 

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